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QHY461PH

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اطلاعات بیشتر

Overview

The QHY411/461 has both USB3.0 and 2*10GigaE interfaces. The 2*10GigaE version supports a higher readout speed.

QHY411/QHY461 have both mono and color version. The application of this camera includes astronomy imaging, astronomy photography, space object survey, satellite tracking, etc.

Benefiting from its back-illuminated pixel structure, the QHY411 has a large full well of 80ke-. And when using 2 * 2 binning, the full well can reach 320ke-, corresponding to a merged pixel size of 7.5um * 7.5um; while at 3 * 3 binning, the full well can be up to 720ke- with a large pixel size of 11um * 11um, which is much larger than any other CCD or CMOS sensor of the same pixel size. Combined with the low readout noise,  the camera has a large dynamic range advantage.

Native 16 bit A/D: The new Sony sensor has native 16-bit A/D on-chip. The output is real 16-bits with 65536 levels. Compared to 12-bit and 14-bit A/D, a 16-bit A/D yields higher sample resolution and the system gain will be less than 1e-/ADU with no sample error noise and very low read noise.

BSI: One benefit of the back-illuminated CMOS structure is improved full well capacity. This is particularly helpful for sensors with small pixels. In a typical front-illuminated sensor, photons from the target entering the photosensitive layer of the sensor must first pass through the metal wiring that is embedded just above the photosensitive layer. The wiring structure reflects some of the photons and reduces the efficiency of the sensor. In the back- illuminated sensor the light is allowed to enter the photosensitive surface from the reverse side. In this case the sensor’s embedded wiring structure is below the photosensitive layer. As a result, more incoming photons strike the photosensitive layer and more electrons are generated and captured in the pixel well. This ratio of photon to electron production is called quantum efficiency. The higher the quantum efficiency the more efficient the sensor is at converting photons to electrons and hence the more sensitive the sensor is to capturing an image of something dim.

Zero Amplify Glow: This is also a zero amplifer glow camera.

 

TRUE RAW Data: In the DSLR implementation there is a RAW image output, but typically it is not completely RAW.  Some evidence of noise reduction and hot pixel removal is still visible on close inspection.  This can have a negative effect on the image for astronomy such as the “star eater” effect.  However,  QHY Cameras offer TRUE RAW IMAGE OUTPUT and produces an image comprised of the original signal only, thereby maintaining the maximum flexibility for post-acquisition astronomical image processing programs and other scientific imaging applications.

Anti-Dew Technology: Based on almost 20-year cooled camera design experience, The QHY cooled camera has implemented the fully dew control solutions. The optic window has built-in dew heater and the chamber is protected from internal humidity condensation. An electric heating board for the chamber window can prevent the formation of dew and the sensor itself is kept dry with our silicon gel tube socket design for control of humidity within the sensor chamber.

Cooling: In addition to dual stage TE cooling, QHYCCD implements proprietary technology in hardware to control the dark current noise.

 

 

 

Advanced Functions
Reboot the camera by power off and on

The camera is designed to use the +12V to reboot the camera without disconnecting and reconnecting the USB interface. This means that you can reboot the camera simply by shutting down the +12V and then powering it back on. This feature is very handy for remote controlling the camera in an observatory. You can use a remotely controlled power supply to reboot the camera. There is no need to consider how to reconnect the USB in the case of remote control.

 

 

Random change thermal noise suppression function

You may find some types of thermal noise can change with time in some back-illuminated CMOS cameras. This thermal noises has the characteristic of the fixed position of typical thermal noise, but the value is not related to the exposure time.  Instead, each frame appears to have its own characteristics.  The QHY600 / 268C uses an innovative suppression technology that can significantly reduce the apparent level of such noise.

 

 

Optimizing USB Traffic to Minimize Horizontal Banding

It is common behavior for a CMOS sensor to contain some horizontal banding. Normally, random horizontal banding can be removed with multiple frame stacking so it does not affect the final image. However, periodic horizontal banding is not removed with stacking so it may appear in the final image. By adjust the USB traffic in Single Frame mode or Live Frame mode, you can adjust the frequency of the CMOS sensor driver and it can optimize the horizontal banding appeared on the image. This optimized is very effective to remove the periodic banding in some conditions.

A typical Periodic Horizontal Noise under certain USB_TRAFFIC values.

After Adjusting the USB Traffic to avoid the periodic horizontal noise.

Specifications
ModelQHY411QHY461
Image SensorSONY IMX411 BSI CMOS SensorSONY IMX461 BSI CMOS Sensor
Pixel Size3.76um x 3.76um3.76um x 3.76um
Color / Mono VersionBoth AvailableBoth Available
Image Resolution14304 x 10748 (Inlcudes the optic black area and over scan area)11760 × 8896
Effective Pixels151 Megapixels102 Megapixels
Effective Image Area54mm x 40mm44mm x 33mm
Sensor Surface GlassAR+AR multi-coating Clear GlassAR+AR Multi-Coating Clear Glass
Full Well Capacity (1×1, 2×2, 3×3)50ke- / 200ke- / 450ke- in Standard Mode
80ke- / 320ke- / 720ke- in Extend Fullwell Mode
50ke- / 200ke- / 450ke- in Standard Mode
80ke- / 320ke- / 720ke- in Extend Full Well Mode
A/D16-bit (0-65535 greyscale)16-bit (0-65535 greyscale) for 1X1Binning

18bit in 2X2   19BIT in 3X3  20BIT in 4*4 software Binning

Sensor SizeTYPICAL 4.2inchTYPICAL 3.4inch
Read NoiseApporx 1 to 3 e (in HGC Mode)1e to 3.7e (in HGC mode)
Dark CurrentApporx 0.0011e/pixel/sec at -20CApprox 0.003e/pixel/sec @ -20C
Exposure Time Range20us – 3600sec50us – 3600sec
Frame RateUSB3.0 Port:
Full Frame Resolution  2FPS @ 8BIT    1FPS @ 16BIT
5000Lines   4FPS @ 8BIT    2FPS @16BIT
3000Lines   7FPS @ 8BIT    3.3FPS @16BIT
2000Lines   10FPS@8BIT    5.5FPS @16BIT
1000Lines   20FPS@8BIT    10FPS @16BIT
500Lines     35FPS@8BIT   19FPS @ 16BITFiber Port : TBD
2.7FPS @ 8BIT   1.3FPS@16BIT  on USB3.0
2.7FPS @ 16BIT   6FPS @ 14BIT on 10Gigabit Fiber
Shutter TypeElectric Rolling ShutterElectric Rolling Shutter
Computer InterfaceUSB3.0 and 2*10Gigabit FiberUSB3.0 and 2*10Gigabit Fiber
Trigger PortProgrammable TrigOut, High Speed Sync Port / GPS interface PortProgrammable TrigOut, High Speed Sync Port / GPS interface Port
Filter Wheel Interface4PIN QHYCCD CFW Port4PIN QHYCCD CFW Port
Built-in Image Buffer2GByte2GByte
FPGA Upgrade Via USBSupportSupport
Cooling SystemDual Stage TEC cooler(-35C below ambient with air cooling, -45C below ambient with ambient temperature water cooling). More deltaT below ambient can be achieve by using the cooled water cooling.

(Test temperature +20°)

Fan Cooling/Water Cooling Compatible

Dual Stage TEC cooler(-35C below ambient with air cooling, -45C below ambient with ambient temperature water cooling). More deltaT below ambient can be achieve by using the cooled water cooling.

(Test temperature +20°)

Fan Cooling/Water Cooling Compatible

Recommended flow rates for water-cooled versions12ml/s12ml/s
Anti-Dew HeaterYesYes
Telescope InterfaceSix Screw holes  (See mechanical drawing)Six Screw holes  (See mechanical drawing)
Optic Window TypeAR+AR High Quality Multi-Layer Anti-Reflection CoatingAR+AR High Quality Multi-Layer Anti-Reflection Coating
Back Focal Length16mm(without tilt adjust ring)

28.5mm (with tilt adjust ring)

16mm (without tilt adjust ring)28.5mm (with tilt adjust ring)
WeigthTBDTBD

 

QHY411 Curves
As a scientific camera, QHYCCD gives the maxium flexibility to access the setting of the camera and allow user to use all possible readout mode in the CMOS sensor. Currently there is totally 8 readout mode (In future we will active more). The eight readout modes is mode #0 to mode #7. The follwing graph is the system gain, readout noise and fullwell of each mode. Different mode has different behaviour in both fullwell, readout noise , and some other noise conditions.  You can select the suitable mode according the applications. You can also download the detailed messured data from this link (excel file)    QHY411_CURVES_ALLMODE  – Download

QHY411 QE. Since SONY has not release the absolutely QE curve of IMX411. There is only the relativity QE Curve.  QHYCCD did some test of absolutely QE for the 3.76um BSI sensor in another model. It can be used for just a reference.  This article can be found in https://www.qhyccd.com/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=23&id=261

 

Regarding the linearity of QHY411, we conducted a preliminary linearity determination experiment. QHY411 data can be used to enable astronomical metering.
The experiment is to obtain a deviation of a fixed area by shooting the flat field plate with different exposure times. Then, after converting the conversion to a value in units of volume, the curve where the overlapping exposure time is increased and replaced by the image sensor is replaced.
In order to obtain relatively large full-scale range data. We used the QHY411 correction mode with a gain of 0 (GAIN = 60). The obtained curve is as follows. You can see from the picture. QHY411 has very good linearity in a wide range. When the full scale is greater than 75000e, the linearity begins to decrease, and the curve conforms to the general linearity of the image sensor in the near area.

 

QHY461 Curves

Mechanical Dimentions

User Images

IC 1396 Elephant’s Trunk Nebula in Bi-Color palette (cropped) Capture by Denis Salnikov with QHY461 camera and AG Optical 14.5″ iDK telescope.   Full resolution image

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QHY461PH

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